翻译重难点
虚 拟 语 气
一、虚拟条件句
| 假设的情况 |
条件从句谓语动词形式(时态后推) |
主句谓语动词形式 |
| 与将来事实相反 |
动词过去式(be 用 were) were to + 动词原形 should + 动词原形 |
would/should/could/might + 动词原形 |
| 与现在事实相反 | 动词过去式(be 用 were) | would/should/could/might + 动词原形 |
| 与过去事实相反 |
had+过去分词 |
would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词 |
二、在 wish，if only，as if 后的从句中的虚拟语气
| 条件 | 从句谓语形式 | 例句 |
|
从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词同时发生 |
过去式(be 动词用 were) |
1.If only I were a flying bird. 2.He looks as if he were an artist. |
| 从句谓语动词先于主句谓语动词发生 | had+过去分词 |
1.If only I had followed his advice. 2.He speaks English so fluently as if he had lived in Britain for a long time. |
|
从句谓语动词后于主句谓语发生 |
would+动词原形 |
He learns English so hard as though he would go to Britain. |
三、在主句含“命令，建议，要求”的名词性从句中的虚拟语气
主句含有以下动词及以下某些动词的名词形式和分词形式的名词性从句，从句谓语部分要用“should+动词原形”的形式，should 可以省略。
1.建议：suggest，recommend，advise，propose，urge
2.要求：ask，require，request，desire，demand，insist
3.命令：order，command
4.规定：rule，regulate，stipulate
5.主张：maintain
四、在“would rather + that 从句”中的虚拟语气
| 条件 | 从句谓语形式 | 例句 |
| 对现在或将来的虚拟 |
过去式(be 动词用 were) |
I’d rather you didn’t hear of the news. 我宁愿你没有听到这个消息。 |
|
对过去的虚拟 |
had + 过去分词 |
I’d rather I hadn’t told him the bad news. 我宁愿没有告诉他那个坏消息。 |
| that 从句谓语形式 | 例句 |
|
过去式或should + 动词原形(should 不能省略) |
It’s high time that you went/ should go to school. 你该去上学啦。 |
作文万能小短句
开 头 句
1. At present / In recent years / Nowadays, ......has been brought into focus.
目前/近几年/现如今......已经成为焦点。
2. In contemporary society, ..... has given rise to great concern among people around us.
在当代社会，......在我们周围人中引起了广泛关注。
3. We can’t turn a deaf ear and blind eye to it.
对此，我们不能熟视无睹。
4.There is no denying that ..... has been becoming a hotly debated topic in China.
毫无疑问，在中国... 已经变成了热烈讨论的话题。
中 间 句
1.Every coin has two sides. On the one hand,...... On the other hand,......
任何事物都有两面性(每个硬币都有两面)，一方面来说...... 。另一方面来说......。
2. .......is rather vital and essential.
....是相当重要的。
3. ....brings convenience to life / save time / raise efficiency.
...给生活带来便利/节约时间/ 提高效率。
4.When it comes to this phenomenon/topic, the opinions vary from person to person.
谈到这个话题时，人们看法不一。
结 尾 句
1.To sum up / In a word / All in all, we should ......
总而言之,我们应该......
2. Therefore, from the above discussion, we can come to the conclusion that......
因此，综上所述，我们能得到一个......结论。
3. As far as I am concerned......
就我个人而言......
4.Taking both sides of the issue into consideration, I tend to favor the former/latter idea.
综合考虑以后，我倾向于前者/后者。
作文、翻译8大类常用词汇
文 化 传 统
孔子 Confucius
四大名著 four major classical novels
四合院 courtyard house
一带一路 the belt and road
书法 calligraphy
相声 cross talk
京剧 Peking opera
文化遗产 cultural heritage
新 冠 疫 情 相 关 术 语
流行病 epidemic
感染 be infected with
体液 body fluids
胸闷 chest tightness
医护人员 medical staff
消毒 disinfect
卫生部门 health authority
确诊病例 confirmed case
常 见 学 科 单 词
心理学 psychology
文学 Literature
几何 geometry
天文学 astronomy
考古学 archaeology
统计学 statistics
物理学 physics
行为学 behaviorism
