普通专升本英语学习,少不了非谓语的学习和记忆。非谓语简直是每年的高频考点,大家可千万不能忽略这一块的知识。三步走并不适合所有非谓语的试题,比如固定搭配 have no choice but to do 结构中只能用 to do。下面是常接 doing、to do 以及接 sb./sth. to do 的情况,考生需要积累记忆。
(1)动词+to do:
decide/determine, learn, want, expect/ hope;refuse, manage, wish, pretend;
offer, promise, choose, plan; agree, ask/ beg, help 等
记忆口诀:决心学会想希望,拒绝设法愿假装;主动答应选计划,同意请求帮一帮。
(2)动词+sb./sth. +to do:
如:want, get, wish, expect, ask, tell, order, command, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade,allow, prepare,cause, force, drive, forbid, encourage, call on, wait for, invite, teach, remind, request, prefer, train, warn 等
注:特殊动词常跟不带 to 的不定式作宾补,但变为被动语态后,不定式的 to 不能省略。这类特殊动词有:
记忆口诀:
五看三使役:see/look/watch/notice/observe, make/let/have
二听一感半帮助:hear/listen to, feel, (to) help
主动 to 字要离去,被动 to 字要回府。
(3)动词+doing:
consider, suggest/ advise, look forward to, excuse/ pardon; admit, succeed in, delay/ put off;
avoid, miss, keep/ keep on, practice; deny, finish, enjoy, appreciate;
forbid, imagine, risk; can’t help, mind, allow/ permit, escape 等
记忆口诀:考虑建议盼原谅,承认成功要推迟。避免错过继续练,否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险,不禁介意准逃亡。
(4)感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, hear, feel 等(以 see 为例)
see sb./sth. doing sth 看见……正在做
see sb./sth. do sth 看见……做了
(5)使役动词 make, have
make sb./sth. do 让……做
make sb./sth. done 让……被做
have sb./sth. do 让……做某事
have sb./sth. doing 让……持续做某事
have sb./sth. done 让……被做
(6)固定搭配 leave, keep, find
leave sb./sth. doing 让……处于某种状态
keep sb./sth. doing 使……一直做
keep sb./sth. done 使……被(表示被动且完成,或表示状态)
find sb./sth. doing 发现……正在做某事
find sb./sth. done 发现……已经(表示完成或状态)